3. Scientific Foundation Urban Land Value Field 

Every city contains an invisible landscape of value. Although this landscape cannot be directly observed, it governs land prices, guides urban development, influences investment decisions, and reflects the collective interaction of infrastructure, accessibility, economic activities, environmental conditions, and society. 

The Urban Land Value Field (ULVF) is proposed to describe this invisible landscape as a continuous spatial field, establishing a new scientific paradigm for understanding urban land value through the integration of geography, economics, mathematics, and artificial intelligence.